How does distance affect radiation exposure?

The correct answer highlights a fundamental principle in radiation safety known as the inverse square law. This principle states that the intensity of radiation exposure from a point source diminishes as the distance from the source increases. Specifically, if the distance from the radiation source is doubled, the exposure decreases to one-fourth of its original intensity. This significant decrease occurs because the radiation spreads out over a larger area as the distance increases, thus reducing the amount of radiation one is exposed to.

The inverse square law is a critical concept in radiation safety as it informs how we assess risk and implement protective measures. Understanding this law helps in effectively determining safe distances from radiation sources and in making informed decisions about shielding and other safety protocols.

In contrast, other choices do not accurately reflect the relationship between distance and radiation exposure. The idea that exposure remains constant regardless of distance contradicts the principles of radiation physics. The notion that exposure increases with increased distance is not supported by any scientific evidence, as it overlooks the natural attenuation of radiation. Lastly, the idea that exposure decreases linearly with distance also misrepresents the physics involved, since the decrease follows a squared relation, not a linear one.